Hi Lorraine!
Your question goes to the heart of our nonviolent philosophy of child raising, which we teach parents as well as service providers. A good place to start is "Beyond Discipline" by Alfie Kohn. http://www.alfiekohn.org/books/bd.htm
Here's a taster, written for educators: http://www.alfiekohn.org/teaching/edweek/discipline.htm
And here's one for parenting: http://www.alfiekohn.org/parenting/punishment.htm
Another good book is "Beyond Consequences" by Heather Forbes. She applies this perspective to traumatized kids.
Short article here: http://www.beyondconsequences.com/freearticle.pdf
Let me know if you need more help!
Louise Godbold
Co-Executive Director
Echo Parenting & Education