Skip to main content

Tagged With "Forecast for a Warming World"

Blog Post

12 Myths of the Science of ACEs

Jane Stevens ·
The two biggest myths about ACEs science are: MYTH #1 — That it’s just about the 10 ACEs in the ACE Study — the CDC-Kaiser Permanente Adverse Childhood Experiences Study . It’s about sooooo much more than that. MYTH #2 — And that it’s just about ACEs…adverse childhood experiences. These two myths are intertwined. The ACE Study issued the first of its 70+ publications in 1998, and for many people it was the lightning bolt, the grand “aha” moment, the unexpected doorway into a blazing new...
Blog Post

2019 Beyond Paper Tigers Conference Series - Why Take Course One and Course Two?

Tara Mah ·
Community Resilience Initiative is officially launching a new series of blog posts, building to our 2019 Beyond Paper Tigers conference on June 25th - 27th. We’ll cover a range of topics relevant to conference material, events, and inspirations. In addition to the regular conference, CRI is offering two training add-on options on Tuesday June 25, 2019 prior to the conference: Resilience-Based Trainings, Course One and Two . https://criresilient.org/beyon...re-conference-event/ “A group of...
Blog Post

A Climate Change Inspired Poem (sandiegofreepress.org)

As a girl by herself wandering wantonly within the woods, I was kept company By animal voices and ancient whispers from the tree canopy When my bare feet touched warm soil, planted firmly on earth, I was so aware I was never alone, I belonged to this mystic beauty, and happily had not a care Yet by the time I was a young woman, ready to journey from my home The animal voices, many were going quiet it was well known Our overpopulated and ever multiplying numbers, an occupying parasite upon...
Blog Post

A Forecast for a Warming World: Learn to Live With Fire [nytimes.com]

By Thomas Fuller and Kendra Pierre-Louis, The New York Times, October 24, 2019 Facing down 600 wildfires in the past three days alone, emergency workers rushed to evacuate tens of thousands of people in Southern California on Thursday as a state utility said one of its major transmission lines broke near the source of the out-of-control Kincade blaze in Northern California. The Kincade fire, the largest this week, tore through steep canyons in the wine country of northern Sonoma County,...
Blog Post

How a natural disaster led one town to do something about its ACEs, past and future

Jane Stevens ·
Tracy Franke, principal of Darrington Elementary School, a K-8 school with 300 students, had heard about CLEAR, and called Dr. Christopher Blodgett, who runs the program, to arrange a visit from Turner. “We were hurting,” says Franke. “Our students and staff needed some tools to get through the trauma.”
Blog Post

How Climate Experts Think About Raising Children Who Will Inherit a Planet in Crisis [washingtonpost.com]

By Caitlin Gibson, The Washington Post, February 14, 2020 I n the midst of a winter that hasn’t felt much like one, as the coldest temperatures retreated to the highest latitudes, Jedediah Britton-Purdy carried his 5-month-old son, James, outside their home in New York City to bask in the unseasonable warmth. As a professor of environmental law at Columbia University, Britton-Purdy was acutely aware of the ominous implications of the city’s record highs. As a new father, what was there to do...
Blog Post

How the Mental Health Community Is Bracing for the Impact of Climate Change “Eco-anxiety” and trauma from natural disasters will be on the rise along with sea levels

Bob Doppelt ·
Rolling Stone, May 16, 2019 By Andrea Marks When San Francisco broke heat records in 2017, with 106-degree temperatures in September, psychiatrist Robin Cooper didn’t hear until after the fact that one of her patients had been feeling dizzy and feverish. One day, he’d fainted in his poorly ventilated workspace. Emergency room doctors had surmised he’d had a virus. But Cooper warned him it could actually be a drug she’d prescribed him interacting with the extreme heat. Certain antipsychotic...
Blog Post

Hurricane Florence first responders receive free trauma/resilience training

Carey Sipp ·
In a webinar offered this morning by Elaine Miller Karas , executive director of the Trauma Resource Institute in Claremont, CA, leaders from several North Carolina ACEs Connection communities affected by flooding and other damage by Hurricane Florence learned more about trauma response and how to better help their communities find resilience. Karas, who was delivering her Community Resiliency Model (CRM) training at Duke University in Durham, NC, offered the free training and provided...
Blog Post

Hurricane Michael: Children Face Stress Of Upended Lives [health.wusf.usf.edu]

Alicia Doktor ·
When Tiffany Harris and her two children emerged from their hotel after Hurricane Michael roared past, her 3-year-old son pointed to a sea of fallen trees and shattered buildings. "It's broken. It's broken, Mommy, fix it," she recalls her little boy Amari begging. Harris, who lives with her boyfriend, two children, plus her sister and her four children near Panama City, soon learned their town house was uninhabitable. Everything was a total loss after Michael powered inland across the...
Blog Post

ITRC calls for Universal Resilience Education and Skills Training for Climate Trauma

Bob Doppelt ·
Sneak Preview for ITRC ACEs Connection Members! Next Tuesday, Jan. 8, the ITRC will release a major report Preparing People on the West Coast for Climate Change. The media release about the report is below (and attached). It includes a link to the webpage for the report, where people can download the full report, and find a link to the webpage with examples of resilience programs across the west coast. You can connect with the ITRC CA and PNW Facebook page:...
Blog Post

ITRC Coordinator Bob Doppelt Interviewed by Awakening Joy Founder James Baraz on the Vital Importance of Resilience Today

Bob Doppelt ·
James Baraz has taught mindfulness meditation since 1978 and is co-founder of the world-reknowned Spirit Rock Meditation Center in Woodacre, California. He is co-author of two books Awakening Joy: 10 Steps to Happiness and Awakening Joy for Kids. James has taught the Awakening Joy course to over 15,000 people. James and Bob Doppelt have known each other for over 30 years and lead retreats together at Spirit Rock. James Interviewed Bob as part of his "Conversations with the Wise" series. The...
Blog Post

Climate change fueling disasters, disease in ‘potentially irreversible’ ways, report warns [WashingtonPost.com]

Bob Doppelt ·
Water vapor rises from the coal-fired power plant run by the energy company LEAG in Boxberg, Germany. (Singer/Epa-Efe/Rex/Shutterstock) Climate change significantly imperils public health globally, according to a new report that chronicles the many hazards and symptoms already being seen. The authors describe its manifestations as “unequivocal and potentially irreversible.” Heat waves are striking more people, disease-carrying mosquitoes are spreading and weather disasters are becoming more...
Blog Post

Life on Thin Ice: Mental health at the heart of the climate crisis [The Guardian]

Gail Kennedy ·
Greenland’s melting has been adopted by the world as its own problem. But for the islanders grieving their dissolving world, the crisis is personal, and dangerous. By Dan MacDougall, The Guardian A thin blanket of fog curls over the block before it disappears back out to sea. Exhale. Inhale. The freezing breaths of a dormant leviathan – slumbering somewhere out in the depths. It’s 1am and judging by the flickering glow of televisions in the windows of the bleak two-storey rows facing us,...
Blog Post

MENTAL TOLL OF CLIMATE CHANGE HITS WOMEN 60% MORE

Bob Doppelt ·
in OZY, By Stephen Starr July 25, 2019 https://www.ozy.com/acumen/mental-toll-of-climate-change-hits-women-60-more/94796 It’s long been argued that climate change will see our cities flooded, our forests reduced to ash and our weather turn increasingly violent and unpredictable. But research has found that the downside of living in a hotter, less-climate-stable world may not be limited only to buildings, trees and weather: A recently released report suggests climate change may actually...
Blog Post

Microsoft Wants to Pit AI Against Climate Change (insurancejournal.com)

Microsoft announced earlier this month that the tech giant is broadening its AI for Earth program and committing $50 million over the next five years “to put artificial intelligence technology in the hands of individuals and organizations around the world who are working to protect our planet.” “At Microsoft, we believe artificial intelligence is a game changer,” Brad Smith, Microsoft’s president and chief legal officer wrote in a recent blog announcing the funding . “Our approach as a...
Blog Post

More Than 11,000 Scientists Just Officially Declared a Global Climate Emergency

Bob Doppelt ·
NOTE TO ITRC MEMBERS : The official declaration of a climate emergency reinforces the reality that we are also in the midst of a climate change-driven mental health and psycho-social-spiritual emergency . Business-as-usual in the mental health and social service fields remains the dominant response (e.g. trauma treatment). We must make prevention the top priority and focus on building widespread capacity for Transformational Resilience. Bob Doppelt by Carly Cassella 5 NOV 2019 A massive...
Blog Post

New York Life and Change in Mind Institute at the Alliance for Strong Families and Communites Partner on Grant Program to Support Communities Impacted by Disaster

Jennifer Jones ·
WASHINGTON, D.C., June 1, 2018 – New York Life Insurance Company and the Alliance for Strong Families and Communities today announced the launch of a new grant program to support children, adults, families, and communities experiencing trauma resulting from natural disaster or community-wide tragedy. The partnership will serve as the first-ever disaster-focused grant for the New York Life Foundation, the charitable arm of the company. The program, Building Resilience in the Face of Disaster,...
Blog Post

Oregon bill takes preventive approach to psycho-social-spiritual impacts of climate change

A hearing will be held on April 3 on a recently introduced bill ( SB 1037 ) to create a task force to determine how to make resilience training available to all Oregonians in response to climate change. Under the bill, an 18-member task force would be created to study aspects of psychological, emotional, and psychosocial resilience education and skills training. The Oregon members of the International Transformation Resilience Coalition (ITRC), including ITRC coordinator, Bob Doppelt, have...
Blog Post

Post from Carl Anthony and Paloma Pavel about Oakland/SF Bay Area Resilience Efforts

Bob Doppelt ·
Hello Bob, A few things. We are interested in participating in both initiatives (the statewide steering committee and the statewide policy group), if we can balance them with our other work demands. In the meantime, we want to share some information on other activities in which we are involved (Paloma mentioned these during the conference call today). Could you post these to the forum? Thanks so much! 1.There is a free showing of Demain (Tomorrow) and a panel discussion (with Carl Anthony,...
Blog Post

Preparing People for Climate Change in California: Sonoma County Listens and Shares

Holly White-Wolfe ·
Last summer Bob Doppelt asked me to join a planning committee for a conference on climate change . I was surprised to be asked as my recent professional expertise is tied to addressing childhood adversity. Bob changed my perspective on the relevance by saying, "Adversity and trauma are the social side effects of climate-related disasters. Imagine the social-emotional impacts on Katrina survivors." The connection was a glimmer in my mind, but I agreed to support a California conference .
Blog Post

Psychologists from 40 countries pledged to use their jobs to address climate change

Bob Doppelt ·
By Zoë Schlanger November 15, 2019 Quartz The leaders of psychological associations from more than 40 countries signed a proclamation this week at a conference on psychology and global health in Lisbon, pledging to use their expertise as psychologists to “take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.” Already, psychologists have recognized that climate change is a threat to psychological health. But with this move, psychological associations from around the world are signaling...
Blog Post

Put down the self-help books. Resilience is not a DIY endeavour (theglobeandmail.com)

Former Member ·
The science of resilience is clear: The social, political and natural environments in which we live are far more important to our health, fitness, finances and time management than our individual thoughts, feelings or behaviors. When it comes to maintaining well-being and finding success, environments matter.
Blog Post

Recommendations for preventing & healing pandemic generated mental health and psychosocial problems

Bob Doppelt ·
Attached is a set of ITRC recommendations for swiftly organizing community-based initiatives to prevent and heal pandemic-generated mental health and psychosocial problems. If you find the recommendations helpful, please initiate the creation of a resilience coordinating council in your community or region. Please also pass the document on to other organizations and individuals that might find it useful. Thanks--and stay healthy during this stressful time, Bob Doppelt
Blog Post

Sonoma County Resiliency Collaborative A Practical Approach to Post-Wildlife Resilience and Wellbeing

Holly White-Wolfe ·
The traumatic events of the North Bay wildfires affect our emotional and physical health, social functioning, and overall well-being, both as individuals and as a community. Unresolved, they can damage our health and limit our potential to rebuild a strong community. Join diverse Sonoma County leaders and representatives to participate in dynamic workshop where you will practice tools for effectively addressing personal and team stress after the fires, network with peers, and learn about an...
Blog Post

Spring Transformational Resilience for Climate Traumas Workshops and Webinars

Bob Doppelt ·
Transformational Resilience Workshop Offered at ICISF World Congress in Baltimore, MD. on Tuesday May 21 ITRC Coordinator Bob Doppelt will lead a half-day introductory workshop on Transformational Resilience at the International Critical Incident Stress Foundation World Congress in Baltimore, Maryland, the morning of Tuesday May 21. To see the workshop description and to register go do: http://icisfworldcongress.org/education/ Register Now Open for Spring 2019 Free 1-Hour Webinars on...
Blog Post

The Capital Region Climate Readiness Collaborative (CRC) first Quarterly Adaptation Exchange in 2018

Grace Kaufman ·
The Capital Region Climate Readiness Collaborative (CRC) conducted our first Quarterly Adaptation Exchange in 2018 on how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and trauma can be a detriment to an individual’s physical, social, and mental health that has lasting effects into adulthood. Climate impacts and an individual’s and/or community’s capacity to respond to trauma with resilience is intrinsically tied to access to a support system, resources, and past traumas. The reality is with Climate...
Blog Post

The Case of Juliana v. U.S. — Children and the Health Burdens of Climate Change [NEJM.org]

Clare Reidy ·
Renee N. Salas, M.D., M.P.H., Wendy Jacobs, J.D., and Frederica Perera, Dr.P.H., Ph.D. On June 4, 2019, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals will hear oral arguments in Juliana v. United States to determine whether the case will proceed to trial in district court in Oregon. Nearly 4 years ago, 21 children and adolescents between 8 and 19 years of age, including Kelsey Juliana from Oregon, filed suit against the federal government, charging that the government’s inaction on addressing climate...
Blog Post

The Environmental Burden of Generation Z [washingtonpost.com]

By Jason Plautz, The Washington Post Magazine, February 3, 2020 The teenagers pour off buses near Denver’s Union Station under a baking September sun. Giggling with excitement at skipping out on Friday classes, they join a host of others assembled near the terminal. Native American drummers and dancers rouse the crowd, and there’s a festive feeling in the air. But this is no festival. The message these young people have come to send to their city, to their state, to the nation — to the world...
Blog Post

Tomorrow's Doctors Will Diagnose the Mental Toll of Climate Change

Bob Doppelt ·
The Daily Dose, July 22, 2019 by Carly Stern https://www.ozy.com/fast-forward/tomorrows-doctors-will-diagnose-the-mental-toll-of-climate-change/95540 First-year medical student Anna Goshua was interviewing an emergency room physician in March to learn more about the job when she heard about a patient who had come all the way from Puerto Rico to that ER in Massachusetts for health care. Hurricane Maria had wiped out all prospects of the patient seeking care at home. A surprised Goshua pored...
Blog Post

UC Berkeley Event: Climate Climate Change: The Defining Health Challenge and Opportunity of the 21st Century

Elizabeth Ferguson ·
This coming Wednesday, The Lancet Countdown will release its first annual report tracking climate change and health indicators across five key domains (including Mental Health) on November 1 ( live in Berkeley , or via Livestream ). (Report attached below.) All of the speakers could and should be invited to the upcoming California Preparing Individuals for Climate Change Conference. Unfortunately, I am unable to attend. Climate Change: The Defining Health Challenge and Opportunity of the...
Blog Post

Update on ITRC Activities Since January 1, 2018

Bob Doppelt ·
Below is a summary of what the ITRC has been up to in the past few months: 1. Conference on Preparing People for Climate Change In California After a slow start on registrations, the Jan 24-25 conference in Oakland ended up being sold out. On a scale of 1-5 (with 5 being excellent and 1 being poor), the 95 evaluations we received (out of 140 attendees) average out at 4.65, which we consider to be excellent. Two people said the conference changed their lives (one emailed afterwards to say...
Blog Post

Using the Climate Crisis as Catalyst to Increase Wellbeing

Bob Doppelt ·
I wrote this article for Meeting of the Minds, which brings urban leaders together. It explains the recommendations of the ITRC for using the climate crisis as a transformational catalyst to enhance personal, social, and ecological wellbeing. Found here: https://meetingoftheminds.org/building-transformational-resilience-to-cope-with-climate-disruption-28559 A year after Hurricane Maria ravaged Puerto Rico in 2017, many residents continue to struggle with mental illness. One suicide...
Blog Post

Webinar: Building Resilient Communities with Elaine Miller-Karas

Alison Cebulla ·
This webinar will explore integrating a biological based model to reduce the impacts of toxic stress for children and adults. It is a model both for prevention and to use in the aftermath of adverse event.
Blog Post

Webinar: Building Transformational Resilience for Climate Change Traumas and Toxic Stresses

Alison Cebulla ·
Live Webinar: Building Transformational Resilience for Climate Change Traumas and Toxic Stresses Monday, October 28 th , 2019 12:00-1:30 PM PDT You will learn: how climate change creates personal, family, and community traumas and toxic stresses; how those traumatic stressors trigger feedbacks that expand and aggravate ACEs and many other person, social, community, and societal maladies; why current approaches are woefully inadequate to address what is already occurring and rapidly steaming...
Blog Post

Webinar Slides and Recording: The Human Impact of Climate Change

Alison Cebulla ·
Recorded live November 13, 2019. Find the slides attached below. Speaker: Elaine Miller-Karas, MSW, LCSW, Executive Director and Co-founder, Trauma Resource Institute. Guest: Kelly Doty, MA, Strengthening Families Program Manager, Youth for Change Host: Carey Sipp, Southeast Community Facilitator, ACEs Connection. Climate change emergencies are real and the human toll during and in the aftermath impact children, teens and adults. This webinar will hear from Kelly Doty, a survivor, who lost...
Blog Post

Webinar Slides and Recording: Transformational Resilience for Climate Change Traumas and Toxic Stresses with Bob Doppelt

Alison Cebulla ·
Recorded live October 28, 2019. Find the slides attached below. The webinar recording: You will learn: how climate change creates personal, family, and community traumas and toxic stresses; how those traumatic stressors trigger feedbacks that expand and aggravate ACEs and many other person, social, community, and societal maladies; why current approaches are woefully inadequate to address what is already occurring and rapidly steaming toward us and why prevention is the only realistic...
Blog Post

Webinar Slides and Recording: Transformational Resilience for Climate Change Traumas and Toxic Stresses with Bob Doppelt

Alison Cebulla ·
Recorded live October 28, 2019. Find the slides attached below. The webinar recording: You will learn: how climate change creates personal, family, and community traumas and toxic stresses; how those traumatic stressors trigger feedbacks that expand and aggravate ACEs and many other person, social, community, and societal maladies; why current approaches are woefully inadequate to address what is already occurring and rapidly steaming toward us and why prevention is the only realistic...
Blog Post

A New Report Links Climate Change, The Arab Spring, and Mass Migration [psmag.com]

Alicia Doktor ·
A new report from the University of East Anglia in England is the first to offer an empirically established causal path from climate change to conflict to cross-border migration. The report analyzes data from 157 countries between 2006 and 2015. While it didn't find an overall causal relationship between climate change, conflict, and migration across the world during that time period, it pinpoints a particular area and time period where it had a profound impact: countries affected by the...
Blog Post

A place called home: A year after the Tubbs Fire, displaced families can finally look ahead [SF Chronicle]

Karen Clemmer ·
About this series: One year ago, more than a dozen fires shot to life in the North Bay. One of them, the Tubbs Fire, would become the most destructive wildfire in California history. In the year since, The Chronicle’s Lizzie Johnson has spent hundreds of hours with two couples to report this series, witnessing some of the most intimate, heartbreaking and joyous moments as they rebuilt their lives California was on fire again. Through this past summer, blazes raged across the state. They...
Blog Post

ACEs Science 101 (FAQs)

Jane Stevens ·
What are ACEs? ACEs are adverse childhood experiences that harm children's developing brains so profoundly that the effects show up decades later; they cause much of chronic disease, most mental illness, and are at the root of most violence. ...
Blog Post

Addressing Mental Health in a Changing Climate: Incorporating Mental Health Indicators into Climate Change and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments

Bob Doppelt ·
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada Published: 22 August 2018 Abstract A growing number of health authorities around the world are conducting climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessments; however, few explore impacts and adaptations related to mental health. We argue for an expanded conceptualization of health that includes both the physiological and psychological aspects of climate change and health. Through a review...
Blog Post

Article shows how climate change can generate harmful psychosocial maladies

Bob Doppelt ·
This article underscores how, left unaddressed, climate change can quickly become a psychosocial malady and why we must think in much broader terms than merely mental health (psychological) problems. Traumatized and fearful people often retreat into a self-protective survival mode that leads them to believe/support authoritarians who say they can fix the problem. Bob Doppelt Climate Kings: How a new generation of authoritarian leaders are using climate change to seize power By Samuel Miller...
Blog Post

‘Catastrophic’ mental health changes tied to climate change, study says. What we know

Bob Doppelt ·
BY JOSH MAGNESS Miami Herald October 09, 2018 11:33 AM On the heels of a United Nations report that warned we have until 2030 to stop climate change from raising temperatures above a key threshold , another study found that the increasing heat could also lead to a decline to mental health. Nick Obradovich, research scientist at the MIT Media Lab and co-author of the new study , warned of “catastrophic” dips in mental health for some if climate change causes the global temperature to increase...
Blog Post

Climate Anxiety

Bob Doppelt ·
I worked on David Attenborough’s documentary. The grim reality gave me climate anxiety Liv Grant For the BBC’s Climate Change: The Facts, I met those living on the frontline. I struggled to cope with what I learned Sun 28 Apr 2019 11.56 EDT Last modified on Mon 29 Apr 2019 06.42 EDT W e live in a time of loss. Wild places dwindle, the animals and plants that live in them disappear. Climate change is now a certainty, and it will without a doubt lead to the loss of land, species, and ways of...
Blog Post

Climate Change and Its Impacts on Mental Health

Bob Doppelt ·
Psychiatric Times Oct 12, 2018, By David Pollack (ITRC National and PNW Steering Committee Member) Editor’s Note: One of the most important issues of our time regarding human health and mental health is the impact of climate change. This situation is, of course, not about a new impending ice age but is clearly about global warming. This matter has been discussed mainly in the political arena, and there, mainly as a political football/hot potato (no pun intended). Unfortunately, there has...
Blog Post

Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions

Bob Doppelt ·
This is one of the better assessments of the psychological and psychosocial impacts of climate change, though it neglects some key issues. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, October 2018, by Katie Hayes et al. Abstract Background: This article provides an overview of the current and projected climate change risks and impacts to mental health and provides recommendations for priority actions to address the mental health consequences of climate change. Discussion and conclusion:...
Blog Post

Climate Change as ACE

Bob Doppelt ·
To ITRC members: In addition to coordinating the ITRC, for almost a decade I have written a monthly column for my hometown newspaper, the Eugene Register Guard (my wife calls it my weekend job!). Last month I began a three part series on how climate disruption is producing numerous trauma. The column below talks about climate change, ACEs, and violence. Bob Doppelt -------------------------------- Climate Change Increased ACEs and Violence Childhood trauma, mass shootings and climate change...
Blog Post

Climate change could leave Californians with 'weather whiplash'

Bob Doppelt ·
By Brandon Miller , CNN April 23, 2018 (CNN) California is known for its Mediterranean climate. Dry summers and wet winters providing the perfect conditions for a robust agricultural economy, world-renowned wineries and idyllic weather make it the top tourist state in the country. But these same factors leave California vulnerable to shifts in climate, and the weather patterns that traverse the region are conducive to dramatic swings between drought and flood, a sort of "weather whiplash."...
Blog Post

Climate Change is Bad for Your Mental Health [psmag.com]

Alicia Doktor ·
The world has only a dozen years to act to keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius, and stave off the most catastrophic effects of climate change, according to the latest report from the United Nation's top climate science panel out Monday. Without rapid and drastic action, climate change will expose hundreds of millions more people to heat waves, sea-level rise, more extreme weather events—and, according to a new study published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of...
Blog Post

Climate Change Isn’t Just Frying the Planet—It’s Fraying Our Nerves [motherjones.com]

By Rowan Walrath, Mother Jones, February 18, 2019 Over the last year, Rebecca, a 35-year-old woman living in Washington, DC, had been losing sleep over the seemingly endless flow of apocalyptic environmental news. She fretted about the Trump administration’s loosening of emissions regulations and the United Nations’ dire predictions about climate change. In October, she sought help from a psychiatrist who put her on an antidepressant. “It sort of saps your emotional reserves,” she says,...
 
Post
Copyright © 2023, PACEsConnection. All rights reserved.
×
×
×
×