Skip to main content

Tagged With "toxic stress"

Blog Post

For wildfire survivors, mental health can be a struggle [Sacramento Bee]

Gail Kennedy ·
Read entire article by Michelle Simon from Sacramento Bee . Klyda Flanders held a stuffed toy monkey to her chest with one hand as she lay on a cot in an evacuation shelter in Gridley, near the town of Paradise. Her other hand was held by a Red Cross volunteer, Michelle Maki, who knelt by Flanders’ bed. Maki nodded as Flanders talked about fleeing her home in Paradise and the uncertainty of not knowing what lies ahead now that her old life is in ash. “You cannot imagine what it’s like, and...
Blog Post

Governor Newsom announces Nadine Burke Harris to be CA's first-ever surgeon general

Jane Stevens ·
Governor Gavin Newsom today announced the appointment of Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, a national leader in pediatric medicine, to serve as California’s first-ever surgeon general. There is overwhelming consensus in the scientific community around early warning signs and childhood determinants of serious health outcomes. As surgeon general, Dr. Burke Harris will urge policymakers at every level of government and leaders across the state to consider the social determinants of health, especially...
Blog Post

How Hurtful Can a Professor Be?

Karen Gross ·
Here is a piece I just wrote on an incident described by Marcus Johnson, the famous jazz musician in DC. I am still haunted; worse yet, I do not have an answer. Do you? Here is a link to the piece. Thoughts welcomed and needed: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/marcus-johnson-blues-alley-education-karen-gross?published=t
Blog Post

In ACEs Connection webinar, physicians talk trauma, offer tips for helping pediatric immigrant patients

Laurie Udesky ·
Dr. Raul Gutierrez, a pediatrician in the San Francisco Bay Area, said he and his fellow clinicians see constant fear and its health consequences every single day among the largely immigrant and Latino population they serve. It’s all the result of anti-immigrant policies and the news cycle that feeds the fear. Dr. Raul Gutierrez “It is almost inescapable with the repercussions of immigration policy on the radio, television, social media and from friends and family,” Gutierrez told the 69...
Blog Post

Incorporating Trauma Informed Practice and ACEs into Professional Curricula - a Toolkit

Jane Stevens ·
The toolkit is designed to aid faculty and teachers in a variety of disciplines, specifically social work, medicine, law, education, and counseling, to develop or integrate critical content on adverse childhood experiences and trauma informed care into new or existing curricula of graduate education programs. This toolkit provides an overview of colleges and universities that have courses in trauma-informed practice and ACEs science. Most of the toolkit comprises content for a course on...
Blog Post

Latest ACEs science research from PubMed, February 12, 2019

Morgan Vien ·
Hair cortisol in the perinatal period mediates associations between maternal adversity and disrupted maternal interaction in early infancy. Nyström-Hansen M, Andersen MS, Khoury JE, Davidsen K, Gumley A, Lyons-Ruth K, MacBeth A, Harder S. Dev Psychobiol . 2019 Feb 12. doi: 10.1002/dev.21833. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 30747450 elect item 3074 Child maltreatment is mediating long-term consequences of household dysfunction in a population representative sample. Clemens V, Berthold O, Witt A,...
Blog Post

Mental Health on College Campuses: Investments, Accommodations Needed to Address Student Needs - A Report from the National Council on Disability, July 2017

Gail Kennedy ·
This National Council on Disability report examines and assesses the status of college mental health services and policies in the U.S., and provides recommendations for Congress, federal agencies, and colleges to improve college mental health services and post-educational outcomes for students with mental health disabilities. FULL REPORT ATTACHED
Blog Post

New organization calls all pediatricians to end crisis that's "hiding in plain sight"

Laurie Udesky ·
When the question of screening patients for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) was first raised a couple of years ago, Santa Barbara pediatrician Andria Ruth had mixed feelings about it.
Blog Post

NJ medical school program requires all first-year students to learn about ACEs science

Laurie Udesky ·
In 2015, Dr. Beth Pletcher, a pediatrician and associate professor specializing in genetics, was at the annual conference of the American Academy of Pediatrics in Washington D.C. when she heard two speakers that forever changed her work with medical students. Dr. Beth Pletcher “I went to two talks on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) that were so mind-boggling to me that I decided on my drive back to New Jersey that I had to do something about it,”says Pletcher, director of the Division...
Blog Post

Parenting Aggravation Associated with Food Insecurity Impacts Children’s Behavior and Development [poverty.ucdavis.edu]

Alicia Doktor ·
Parents struggling with food insecurity can experience heightened levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. These pressures may negatively affect their parenting, which may in turn affect the behavior of their children. In this study, we investigated the parenting aggravation levels of parents who experienced food insecurity in the aftermath of the Great Recession. We also explored the extent to which such aggravation may be responsible for the link between food insecurity and children’s...
Blog Post

Patient Preferences for Discussing Childhood Trauma in Primary Care [ThePermanenteJournal.com]

Samantha Sangenito ·
ABSTRACT Context: Exposure to traumatic events is common in primary care patients, yet health care professionals may be hesitant to assess and address the impact of childhood trauma in their patients. Objective: To assess patient preferences for discussing traumatic experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with clinicians in underserved, predominantly Latino primary care patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Main Outcome Measure: We evaluated patients with a questionnaire...
Blog Post

Peer mentor uses her own ACEs story to teach med residents how to help traumatized patients

Laurie Udesky ·
When O’Nesha Cochran teaches medical residents about adverse childhood experiences in patients, she doesn’t use a textbook. Instead, the Oregon Health & Science University peer mentor walks in the room, dressed in what she describes as the “nerdiest-looking outfit” she can find. And then she tells them her story. “My mom sold me to her tricks and her pimps from the age of three to the age of six,” she begins. “I could remember these grown men molesting me and my sisters. I have three...
Blog Post

Seven-year follow-up shows lasting cognitive gains from meditation [sciencedaily.com]

Alicia Doktor ·
"This study is the first to offer evidence that intensive and continued meditation practice is associated with enduring improvements in sustained attention and response inhibition, with the potential to alter longitudinal trajectories of cognitive change across a person's life," said first author Anthony Zanesco, postdoctoral researcher at the University of Miami, who began work on the project before starting his Ph.D. program in psychology at UC Davis. The project is led by Clifford Saron,...
Blog Post

Shifting the focus from trauma to compassion

Laurie Udesky ·
photo: Rolf Schweitzer/CCO Dr. Arnd Herz, a self-described champion for ACEs science, would like nothing more than to witness a greater appreciation of how widespread adverse childhood experiences are. Herz, a pediatrician and director of Medi-Cal Strategy for the Greater Southern Alameda Area for Kaiser Permanente Northern California, would also like to encourage more people in health care to engage in a trauma-informed care approach, a change in practice that he says not only benefits...
Blog Post

Taking ACEs to School: Trauma-Informed Approaches in Higher Education

Anndee Hochman ·
“What happened to you?” isn’t just a question for therapists to ask their troubled clients. It’s a question that should inform the work of physicians, nurses, lawyers, educators, social workers and public health advocates from the time they are learning their professions to each real-world encounter. That’s the hope of the Philadelphia ACE Task Force (PATF) , whose workforce development group released a toolkit to help faculty across a range of disciplines weave content on adverse childhood...
Blog Post

Taking ACEs to School: Trauma-Informed Approaches in Higher Education

Anndee Hochman ·
“What happened to you?” isn’t just a question for therapists to ask their troubled clients. It’s a question that should inform the work of physicians, nurses, lawyers, educators, social workers and public health advocates from the time they are learning their professions to each real-world encounter. That’s the hope of the Philadelphia ACE Task Force (PATF) , whose workforce development group released a toolkit to help faculty across a range of disciplines weave content on adverse childhood...
Blog Post

The AAP opens up access to ACE studies to highlight long-term impact of family separations and detentions at the border

Laurie Udesky ·
Photo by Gerald R. Nino/Wikimedia.org "We have created a collection of articles on toxic stress since the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, the Committee on Early Childhood, Adoption and Dependent Care, and the Section on Behavior and Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics published their landmark policy statement, “ Early Childhood Adversity, Toxic Stress, and the Role of the Pediatrician: Translating Developmental Science into...
Blog Post

The College Students Who Are Starving in Silence [PSMag.com]

Samantha Sangenito ·
The image of the hungry college student is a familiar one, with late-night ramen meals nearly as ubiquitous as the infamous all-nighter study session. But that scene is a comparatively benign one: Many of these students are unaware they have classmates who regularly skip meals because they lack the funds to buy food. The 2017 " Hungry and Homeless in College " report from the Wisconsin HOPE Lab indicates that up to two-thirds of college students aren't eating enough food. Though schools are...
Blog Post

The Most Anxious Generation Goes to Work (wsj.com)

New college graduates report higher levels of anxiety. How managers can help them steer past fear and improve work performance—and how young workers can work to calm their anxiety and be more effective. Michael Fenlon’s company is one of the nation’s biggest employers of newly minted college grads. He’s watching a tidal wave approach. College presidents and deans tell him repeatedly that they’ve had to make managing students’ anxiety and other mental-health issues a priority. “They’re...
Blog Post

The Science Behind Mindfulness and Gratitude and How It Leads to Workplace Success [blogs.psychcentral.com]

Alicia Doktor ·
NOTE - Dr Emmons from UCD is quoted below... Mindfulness is all the rage right now and companies like Google, Apple, Facebook, Nike, and Goldman Sachs are all jumping on board. Mindfulness, the practice of focusing one’s attention to experiences occurring in the present moment, has many noted benefits including decreased stress, lower blood pressure and heart rate, increased awareness, and higher brain functioning. Thanks to recent advances in the field of neuroscience, we now have new...
Blog Post

The University of Michigan’s Plan to Increase Diversity [TheAtlantic.com]

Samantha Sangenito ·
Jacqueline Graniel spent her whole childhood in Southern California assuming other families also lived paycheck to paycheck. Now, as she studies for both a medical degree and a Ph.D. at the University of Michigan, she has found that some of her classmates avoid the stress of renting and dealing with landlords by simply buying houses, sometimes with help from their parents. That’s not an option for Graniel; she sends a portion of her stipend home to support her family. [For more of this...
Blog Post

4CA POLICYMAKER EDUCATION DAY JULY 11, 2017 - REGISTER BY JUNE 1 - Link Below.

Gail Kennedy ·
Join 4CA in Sacramento on July 11 for Policymaker Education Day on Childhood Adversity! Our lawmakers need to hear from you about how childhood adversity affects your community and what they can do to help. Join with allies from across California to engage your elected officials on this important issue. (Bonus! lunchtime pep talk by Senator Holly Mitchell!) Who: 4CA Policymaker Education Day is designed for California residents who care about preventing and mitigating the effects of...
Blog Post

A National Agenda to Address Adverse Childhood Experiences

Christina Bethell ·
What are ACEs and Why Do They Matter? In 2016 1 , nearly half of U.S. children – 34 million kids – had at least one Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) and more than 20 percent experienced two or more. The new brain sciences and science of human development explain how ACEs can have devastating, long-lasting effects on children’s health and wellbeing. These events resonate well beyond the individual child to have far-reaching consequences for families, neighborhoods, and communities. ACEs...
Blog Post

ACEs Research Corner — August 2017

Jane Stevens ·
[Editor's note: Dr. Harise Stein at Stanford University edits a web site -- abuseresearch.info -- that focuses on the health effects of abuse, and includes research articles on ACEs. Every month, she's posting the summaries of the abstracts and links to research articles that address only ACEs. Thank you, Harise!! -- Jane Stevens] Bellis MA, Hardcastle K, Ford K, et. al. Does continuous trusted adult support in childhood impart life-course resilience against adverse childhood experiences - a...
Blog Post

ACEs Research Corner — October 2018

Harise Stein ·
[Editor's note: Dr. Harise Stein at Stanford University edits a web site -- abuseresearch.info -- that focuses on the health effects of abuse, and includes research articles on ACEs. Every month, she's posting the summaries of the abstracts and links to research articles that address only ACEs. Thank you, Harise!! -- Jane Stevens] Harris HR, Wieser F, Vitonis AF, Rich-Edwards J, et. al. Early life abuse and risk of endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2018 Sep 1;33(9):1657-1668. PMID: 30016439 Using...
Blog Post

ACEs Research Corner — September 2018

Harise Stein ·
[Editor's note: Dr. Harise Stein at Stanford University edits a web site -- abuseresearch.info -- that focuses on the health effects of abuse, and includes research articles on ACEs. Every month, she's posting the summaries of the abstracts and links to research articles that address only ACEs. Thank you, Harise!! -- Jane Stevens] Schickedanz A, Halfon N, Sastry N, Chung PJ. Parents' Adverse Childhood Experiences and Their Children's Behavioral Health Problems. Pediatrics. 2018 Aug;142(2).
Blog Post

ACES Science 101 (FAQs)

Jane Stevens ·
What are ACEs? ACEs are adverse childhood experiences that harm children's developing brains so profoundly that the effects show up decades later; they cause much of chronic disease, most mental illness, and are at the root of most violence. ...
Blog Post

An Important Event for Anyone in Higher Education in the Philadelphia Region

Leslie Lieberman ·
The Need for Trauma-Informed Curricula at Institutions of Higher Learning: A Call to Action On October 20th, Children's Crisis Treatment Center , The Philadelphia University Community and Trauma Counseling Program and the United Way of Greater Philadelphia and Southern New Jersey are hosting a very special and important conversation for any one who is involved in training the next generation of service professionals - nurses, doctors, social workers, teachers, lawyers, community health...
Blog Post

Black mental health needs a seat at the table [thedailycougar.com]

Alicia Doktor ·
September is Suicide Awareness Month, and conversations regarding mental health have, naturally, spiked. It’s an aspect of every college student’s life that is often ignored, but lately, mental health has become the hottest topic in social circles and academia. Still, some communities are failing to bring a seat to the table. According to Emory University, more than 1,000 students die by suicide on campuses throughout the United States on average every year. While this number may be...
Blog Post

Bruce S. McEwen, PhD - The Resilient Brain: Epigenetics, Stress and the Lifecourse”

Gail Kennedy ·
Bruce S. McEwen, Ph.D. Alfred E. Mirsky Professor Rockefeller University “The Resilient Brain: Epigenetics, Stress and the Lifecourse” Friday, Jan.12, 2018 11:30 a.m.—12:30 p.m. PSSB Auditorium, G300 For more information, please contact Morgan Luthi at 916-734-7523 or mluthi@ucdavis.edu Bruce S. McEwen, Ph.D. Neuroendocrinologist and head of the Harold and Margaret Milli-ken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology at Rockefeller University . McEwen received his bachelor's degree in chemistry...
Blog Post

Coping As A Community: COVID-19 - Zoom Webinar with Dr. Andres Sciolla

Bonnie Berman ·
DATE: Thursday, April 9, 2020 TIME: 12:00PM Many people have questions about ways to cope with stress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, the UC Davis Office for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion has organized a weekly webinar series focused on Inclusive Practices, Holistic Health and Wellbeing. Please join me and Dr. Andres Sciolla, MD as we discuss Stress, Trauma and Resilience this Thursday, April 9, 2020 at 12 PM via Zoom. You can register at...
Blog Post

Cracked Up: 3 Exciting Announcements [crackedupmovie.com]

By Michelle Esrick, Cracked Up Movie, April 2020 — A letter from Director Michelle Esrick — Dear friends, My heart goes out to everyone during this extremely challenging and unprecedented time. We are all experiencing what a traumatic event this is for everyone around the world -- from the reports we all hear on the news, to stories from family and friends, and for me personally being hospitalized with Covid-19. Many trauma survivors, including myself, are experiencing higher levels of...
Blog Post

Doctor-patient role-playing featured in ACEs Connection webinar

Laurie Udesky ·
On an ACEs Connection webinar on Monday, Dr. Andrew Seaman, an assistant professor at Oregon Health & Science University, showed how he navigates his students through the science of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). And, in an unusual twist for a webinar, Seaman and O’Nesha Cochran, a peer mentor with the Mental Health Association of Oregon, role-played doctor-patient interactions to show how to develop the skills to communicate with patients with high ACE scores. About 90 people...
Blog Post

UC Berkeley Extension Offering Professional Program in Trauma-Informed Interventions

Alicia Doktor ·
From UC Berkeley's Extension Website : Researchers have documented the prevalence of trauma in the lives of the vast majority of public sector clients. Programs and systems that are seeking to integrate trauma-informed interventions include mental health, substance abuse, criminal justice, victim assistance and child welfare. Post-traumatic stress disorders and other trauma-related disorders and symptoms are increasing in the population of war veterans and those who have been exposed to...
Blog Post

UCDH DIVERSITY & INCLUSION DIALOGUE SERIES Cultivating Respect & Safety for Everyone in the Community: The Trauma-Informed Approach

Gail Kennedy ·
Toxic stress impacts individuals and communities every day. Come hear from a panel of subject matter experts who used the Trauma-Informed Approach to mitigate toxic stress and build Resilient Communities in our region. Learn about the Trauma-Informed System’s Principles 1.Trauma Understanding 2.Cultural Humility & Responsiveness 3.Safety & Stability 4.Compassion & Dependability 5.Collaboration & Empowerment 6.Resilience & Recovery Facilitators: Kaytie Speziale, MFT UCDH...
Blog Post

University students seeking counseling learn about their ACEs

Laurie Udesky ·
Dr. Diane Suffridge, a clinical psychologist and director of the University Counseling Services at Dominican University in San Rafael, Calif., has been interested in trauma for many years. But last summer that interest took a sudden and interesting turn. A student counselor she advised had written a research paper on the link between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) health and mental health outcomes in foster youth, and it gave the student a new view of the patients she counseled at the...
Blog Post

Upstream Invites Community to Recovery and Healing Workshops offered by UC Davis this December & January 2017

Holly White-Wolfe ·
Dear Upstream Partner, We hope this message finds you well and safe. There are no words to describe how difficult the last month has been for our community. The resiliency of our residents and the critical support you continue to provide gives us hope for successful recovery efforts. We want to acknowledge all you have done and continue to do to support our community. In addition to personal losses you may have experienced, repeated exposure to the suffering of others takes its toll on the...
Blog Post

WEEKLY WEBINAR SERIES COVID-19: How Are You Coping? [health.ucdavis.edu]

Mercedes Piedra ·
From Office for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of California at Davis, April 2020 Please check back regularly for new postings and to register for weekly sessions. Many people have questions about ways to cope with stress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, the UC Davis Office of Health Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion and the UC Davis Health Latinx Staff and Faculty Association in partnership with the Office of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion...
Blog Post

What You Should Do if Mental Health Issues Get in the Way of Studying at College [T2Online.com]

Samantha Sangenito ·
Studying for a college degree takes a lot of mental energy. Generally speaking, you will spend around three to four years of your life studying for a college degree, with some programs requiring that work is completed on an almost daily basis. For many students, the studying and revision alone can become very mentally taxing, not to mention any other commitments that they may have. Thanks to online learning, more and more students are returning to school whilst continuing to work full-time...
Blog Post

Wisconsin Dept of Health Services - Trauma-Informed Care News & Notes, April 30, 2018

Scott A Webb ·
ACEs, Adversity's Impact A closer look at the psychosocial realities of LGBTQ youth Appleton pageant winner on being raped: 'I kept telling myself this must be normal' Video: Trigger, a play by DeAngelo Mack [2 min] Suicide clusters within American Indian and Alaska Indian communities (56 pages) lit review and recommendations More than 1 in 20 US children and teens have anxiety or depression Early childhood interventions show mixed results on child development Maternal binge drinking linked...
Blog Post

Wisconsin Dept of Health Services - Trauma-Informed Care News & Notes, June 25, 2018

Scott A Webb ·
ACEs, Adversity's Impact Mother's attitude to baby during pregnancy may have implications for child's development Video: Weight gain and trauma: Is there a connection? with Emily Rosen Parents’ scars from childhood trauma can affect their kids’ health, researchers find How childhood trauma contributes to skyrocketing suicide rates Social rejection is painful and can lead to violence Study on social interactions could improve understanding of mental health risks To prevent trauma in our...
Blog Post

Wounds from childhood bullying may persist into college years, study finds [News.illinois.edu]

Samantha Sangenito ·
Childhood bullying inflicts the same long-term psychological trauma on girls as severe physical or sexual abuse, suggests a new survey of college students. The study, which involved 480 college freshmen through seniors, indicated that the detrimental effects of bullying may linger for years, negatively affecting victims’ mental health well into young adulthood. While most of the scholarship on bullying has focused on kindergarten through 12th-grade students, the struggles revealed by college...
Blog Post

A Better Normal, Tuesday, June 2nd at Noon PDT: Higher Education and Trauma During COVID-19

Alison Cebulla ·
Please join us for the ongoing community discussion of A Better Normal, our ongoing series in which we envision the future as trauma-informed. College graduates across the world have been celebrating their big day virtually this month, missing out on the right of passage that marks their stepping into new realms of adult and professional life. Many students and recent graduates are feeling the negative impact of the current pandemic: being housing displaced, adjusting to virtual classrooms,...
Blog Post

Coping with Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: One-Pager

Christine Cissy White ·
Coping with Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: One-Pager
Blog Post

Emergency departments look inward to deepen practices that support traumatized patients

Laurie Udesky ·
An interdisciplinary team of clinicians from Brigham and Women’s Hospital had a bold idea in 2017. They would completely change the way things worked in their hospital’s emergency department so that the care provided to their patients was infused with a trauma-informed approach. That means recognizing how widespread trauma is and using a myriad of techniques to mitigate its harmful effects among patients, providers and staff. The realization of just how widespread trauma is came to light in...
Blog Post

PolicyMatters: Will the kids be all right? [calmatters.org]

By Cal Matters, August 2020 How will this continued state of isolation during the pandemic affect the long-term mental health of children in California? If you’re a parent, teacher, care provider or guardian, join us as we explore this question and discuss the impact of this unprecedented time on our state’s youth. CalMatters mental health reporter Jocelyn Wiener will moderate the conversation about the potential long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health, what behaviors to watch for in...
Blog Post

Free 2020 Virtual Trauma-Informed Care Conference

Bharat Sanders ·
Each year, STAR hosts a Trauma-Informed Care Conference to help educate the next generation of leaders and build a strong network of Trauma-Informed professionals in the state of Georgia. The conference will be held on Saturday, October 3rd from 10:00am- 1:00pm EST and Sunday, October 4th , 2020 from 2:00pm-5:00pm EST conducted virtually via Zoom.
Blog Post

Whole People Watch Weekend on ACEs Connection (Dec. 11th - 13th)

Christine Cissy White ·
The Transform Trauma with ACEs Sciences FREE Film Festival continues this weekend. Please join us to watch parts 1, 2, and 3 of the PBS Whole People series at your convenience, on ACEs Connection, by clicking play on the videos below: Whole People | 101 | Childhood Trauma | Episode 1 (27 min) Preview: Whole People | 102 | Healing Communities | Preview | Episode 2 Whole People | 102 |Healing Communities Episode 2 (27 min) Whole People | 103 |A New Response | Episode 3 (27 min) This is one of...
Blog Post

Healthcare providers learn skills to prevent burnout, build resilience

Laurie Udesky ·
It’s an enormous understatement to say that healthcare workers today are suffering. Every day, you hear interviews with nurses, physicians, social workers, and others in healthcare saying they’re pushed to the breaking point and beyond. But, by using skills taught in the Community Resiliency Mode l (CRM), even people under severe stress can weather the onslaught, do their work, and get along with colleagues. CRM is an evidence-based training program that’s being used by millions of people in...
Blog Post

Psychiatrist Andres Sciolla wants to expand ACEs work to include social determinants of health

Sylvia Paull ·
Andres Sciolla, a psychiatrist and professor of psychiatry at UC Davis Medical School, hopes that an expanded version of ACEs becomes completely integrated into the medical profession in the future. By “expanded,” he explains: “Medicine would have to integrate sustainable and practical ways to address social determinants of health,” such as affordable housing, basic income, and access to affordable health care. Sciolla earned his undergraduate and medical degrees at the University of Chile...
 
Post
Copyright © 2023, PACEsConnection. All rights reserved.
×
×
×
×